1983 20c Civil Service
# 2053 - 1983 20c Civil Service
$0.35 - $54.50
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Fleetwood First Day Cover
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Fleetwood First Day Cover (Plate Block)
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Colorano Silk First Day Cover
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Classic First Day Cover
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Mint Plate Block
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Mint Sheet(s)
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Used Single Stamp(s)
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U.S. #2053
1983 20¢ Civil Service
- Issued for the 200th anniversary of the Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act
- First stamp with multicolor intaglio printing
Stamp Category: Commemorative
Value: 20¢, first-class rate
First Day of Issue: September 9, 1983
First Day City: Washington, DC
Quantity Issued: 114,725,000
Printed by: Bureau of Engraving and Printing
Printing Method: Photogravure and engraved
Format: Panes of 50 in sheets of 230
Perforations: 11
Color: Buff, blue, and red
Why the stamp was issued: To commemorate the 100th anniversary of the creation of the Civil Service.
About the stamp design: Vice president and creative director of MDB Communications Kathleen Wilmes Herring received primary credit for the design of this stamp, though it was a team effort by the firm’s graphic designers. The two dates are presented in different typefaces to reflect their eras – 1883 in a font with elaborate scrollwork as was popular at the time, and 1983 in a digital style to represent modern-day computers.
About the printing process: This stamp was printed on the combination gravure/intaglio press. For many years, these processes were used separately. In 1982 and 1983, the Touro Synagogue and Tennessee Valley Authority stamps were the first to combine the print methods. Then this Civil Service stamp became the first to print intaglio in more than one color – Civil Service and USA 20c in blue and 1883 and 1983 in red. This was printed over buff-colored gravure stripes.
First Day City: The First Day ceremony for this stamp was held at the headquarters of the US Office of Personnel Management in Washington, DC.
History the stamp represents: On January 16, 1883, President Chester A. Arthur signed the Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act, making major changes to the American Civil Service System.
When a new US president began his term in the early 1800s, one of his first duties was to dismiss thousands of federal employees and replace them with members of his own party. The “spoils system” was part of the privilege of the position, and recipients of the jobs were expected to contribute to the president and party’s campaign.
One of those who received a generous salary from the system was Chester A. Arthur. He was appointed the collector of the Port of New York as a reward for his support of Roscoe Conkling, a powerful New York congressman. Arthur’s earnings from his salary, and a portion of the fines paid, were more than the president’s at the time.
When Rutherford B. Hayes became president in 1877, he began reforming the Civil Service. His first target was the overstaffed Customs House. Eventually, he replaced Arthur.
When Chester A. Arthur unexpectedly became president, those in favor of the spoils system considered him an ally. In Garfield’s short time as president, he pushed for reform and did not fill empty positions with supporters of Conkling’s political machine. Charles J. Guiteau, who felt he should have received a position in exchange for his party support, shot Garfield. The assassination showed the need for reform of the spoils system.
In Arthur’s first presidential address to Congress, he asked for civil service reform legislation, going against his former political allies. Democratic Senator George Pendleton of Ohio had introduced legislation in 1880, but the Republican Congress did not act on it. He proposed positions would be based on merit, determined by an examination. When reintroduced, Pendleton’s bill passed through Congress and was signed by Arthur on January 16, 1883.
As well as qualifying civil service candidates through testing, rather than party loyalty, the act also made it illegal to fire an employee for political reasons. “Assessments” or mandatory party donations were no longer allowed. The United States Civil Service Commission was created to oversee the law. The Civil Service Commission was implemented to oversee appointments and ensure political activities did not take place at the work site. Arthur appointed three reformers to the commission, who published their first set of rules in May 1883.
When first passed, the Pendleton Act affected about 10% of federal jobs. Because of a provision that allowed outgoing presidents to keep their appointees in a position by converting it to a civil service job, today about 90% of federal jobs are Civil Service positions.
U.S. #2053
1983 20¢ Civil Service
- Issued for the 200th anniversary of the Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act
- First stamp with multicolor intaglio printing
Stamp Category: Commemorative
Value: 20¢, first-class rate
First Day of Issue: September 9, 1983
First Day City: Washington, DC
Quantity Issued: 114,725,000
Printed by: Bureau of Engraving and Printing
Printing Method: Photogravure and engraved
Format: Panes of 50 in sheets of 230
Perforations: 11
Color: Buff, blue, and red
Why the stamp was issued: To commemorate the 100th anniversary of the creation of the Civil Service.
About the stamp design: Vice president and creative director of MDB Communications Kathleen Wilmes Herring received primary credit for the design of this stamp, though it was a team effort by the firm’s graphic designers. The two dates are presented in different typefaces to reflect their eras – 1883 in a font with elaborate scrollwork as was popular at the time, and 1983 in a digital style to represent modern-day computers.
About the printing process: This stamp was printed on the combination gravure/intaglio press. For many years, these processes were used separately. In 1982 and 1983, the Touro Synagogue and Tennessee Valley Authority stamps were the first to combine the print methods. Then this Civil Service stamp became the first to print intaglio in more than one color – Civil Service and USA 20c in blue and 1883 and 1983 in red. This was printed over buff-colored gravure stripes.
First Day City: The First Day ceremony for this stamp was held at the headquarters of the US Office of Personnel Management in Washington, DC.
History the stamp represents: On January 16, 1883, President Chester A. Arthur signed the Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act, making major changes to the American Civil Service System.
When a new US president began his term in the early 1800s, one of his first duties was to dismiss thousands of federal employees and replace them with members of his own party. The “spoils system” was part of the privilege of the position, and recipients of the jobs were expected to contribute to the president and party’s campaign.
One of those who received a generous salary from the system was Chester A. Arthur. He was appointed the collector of the Port of New York as a reward for his support of Roscoe Conkling, a powerful New York congressman. Arthur’s earnings from his salary, and a portion of the fines paid, were more than the president’s at the time.
When Rutherford B. Hayes became president in 1877, he began reforming the Civil Service. His first target was the overstaffed Customs House. Eventually, he replaced Arthur.
When Chester A. Arthur unexpectedly became president, those in favor of the spoils system considered him an ally. In Garfield’s short time as president, he pushed for reform and did not fill empty positions with supporters of Conkling’s political machine. Charles J. Guiteau, who felt he should have received a position in exchange for his party support, shot Garfield. The assassination showed the need for reform of the spoils system.
In Arthur’s first presidential address to Congress, he asked for civil service reform legislation, going against his former political allies. Democratic Senator George Pendleton of Ohio had introduced legislation in 1880, but the Republican Congress did not act on it. He proposed positions would be based on merit, determined by an examination. When reintroduced, Pendleton’s bill passed through Congress and was signed by Arthur on January 16, 1883.
As well as qualifying civil service candidates through testing, rather than party loyalty, the act also made it illegal to fire an employee for political reasons. “Assessments” or mandatory party donations were no longer allowed. The United States Civil Service Commission was created to oversee the law. The Civil Service Commission was implemented to oversee appointments and ensure political activities did not take place at the work site. Arthur appointed three reformers to the commission, who published their first set of rules in May 1883.
When first passed, the Pendleton Act affected about 10% of federal jobs. Because of a provision that allowed outgoing presidents to keep their appointees in a position by converting it to a civil service job, today about 90% of federal jobs are Civil Service positions.