1968 6c Prominent Americans: Franklin D. Roosevelt, perf 10 vertical
# 1305 - 1968 6c Prominent Americans: Franklin D. Roosevelt, perf 10 vertical
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1305 - 1968 6c Prominent Americans: Franklin D. Roosevelt, perf 10 vertical
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U.S. #1305
6¢ Franklin Roosevelt
Prominent Americans Series Coil
6¢ Franklin Roosevelt
Prominent Americans Series Coil
Issue Date: February 28, 1968
City: Washington, DC
Printed By: Bureau of Engraving and Printing
Printing Method: Rotary Press
Perforation: 10 vertically
Color: Gray brown
City: Washington, DC
Printed By: Bureau of Engraving and Printing
Printing Method: Rotary Press
Perforation: 10 vertically
Color: Gray brown
Prominent Americans Series
The Prominent Americans Series recognizes people who played important roles in U.S. history. Officials originally planned to honor 18 individuals, but later added seven others. The Prominent Americans Series began with the 4¢ Lincoln stamp, which was issued on November 10, 1965. During the course of the series, the 6¢ Eisenhower stamp was reissued with an 8¢ denomination and the 5¢ Washington was redrawn.
A number of technological changes developed during the course of producing the series, resulting in a number of varieties due to gum, luminescence, precancels and perforations plus sheet, coil and booklet formats. Additionally, seven rate changes occurred while the Prominent Americans Series was current, giving collectors who specialize in first and last day of issue covers an abundance of collecting opportunities.
The 6¢ denomination features Franklin D. Roosevelt as its subject. Elected president four times, Roosevelt (1882-1945) served in the nation’s highest office longer than any other chief executive – 12 years. He was born on January 30, 1882, in Hyde Park, the only child in a wealthy family. Roosevelt studied at Columbia Law School. In 1910, he was elected to the New York state senate.
He was appointed assistant secretary of the navy in 1913. Roosevelt was stricken with polio in 1921. Although permanently disabled, he remained active in politics. In 1928, Roosevelt was elected governor of New York – he was re-elected in 1930. As the Great Depression ravaged America in 1932, he was elected president over President Herbert Hoover.
President Roosevelt quickly began to use the power of the federal government to repair the nation’s failed economy. He introduced a sweeping economic program that provided relief, loans, and jobs, as well as other means of stimulating the economy, under the heading of the “New Deal.” Roosevelt was overwhelmingly re-elected in 1936, as the public rallied behind his innovative policies.
The President was determined to keep America out of the European conflict, but when World War II began, he provided aid to Great Britain. In 1940, he was elected to an unprecedented third term. With the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, the U.S. entered WW II. Roosevelt declared December 7 “A date which will live in infamy.” Roosevelt’s diplomatic finesse was key in forging an alliance with Great Britain and the U.S.S.R.
In 1944, despite failing health, Roosevelt was elected to a fourth term. At that time, Allied forces were closing in on Germany and Japan – victory was close. However, Roosevelt did not live to see the war to its conclusion. He died on April 12, 1945 – just 83 days after his third re-election.
GI Bill
On June 22, 1944, President Franklin Roosevelt signed the Servicemen’s Readjustment Act, also known as the GI Bill, into law.
When World War I veterans returned home, many had trouble finding jobs. Thousands of them flooded the labor market and most struggled to make a living, even with the government programs available.
To help alleviate the situation, Congress passed the Bonus Act of 1924, which offered veterans a bonus based on the number of days they had served in the military. However, the bonus wouldn’t be paid until 1945 – another 20 years – which would be little help to veterans at that time.
The Great Depression made the situation worse and by 1932, the out of work veterans were frustrated. On July 28, 1932, a group of 43,000 veterans and their families marched in Washington, DC, demanding they receive their bonus payments immediately. They called themselves the Bonus Expeditionary Force and the media called them the Bonus Army.
President Herbert Hoover ordered the veterans removed from government property and Chief of Staff Douglas MacArthur commanded infantry and tanks to force their removal. The following March, they held another Bonus March. This time, President Roosevelt offered them jobs with the Civilian Conservation Corp, which many of them took. And in 1936, Congress voted to award the veterans their bonus nine years early.
Needless to say, the situation wasn’t ideal, and as America entered World War II just a few years later, many looked for a better way to support our veterans when they returned home. Roosevelt was among those searching for an answer, as he wanted to expand the middle class and avoid the issues that followed the last war.
A major figure in the resulting GI Bill was American Legion National Commander Harry W. Colmery. He suggested offering benefits to all World War I veterans, male and female. Members of the American Legion and the Veterans of Foreign Wars, as well as other veteran’s organizations, mobilized to encourage Congress to pass the bill. Ernest McFarland and Warren Atherton are considered the fathers of the GI Bill while Edith Nourse Rogers helped write and co-sponsor it and is considered the mother of the bill.
Initially, President Roosevelt suggested the bill offer one year of funding to poor veterans and four years of college to those that earned high marks on a written text. However, the final bill offered full benefits to all veterans, regardless of their wealth. The bill was introduced in January and signed into law on June 22, 1944.
The GI Bill included paid tuition and living expenses for veterans to attend high school, college, or vocational schools. It also offered low-cost mortgages and low-interest loans to start businesses plus one year of unemployment compensation. Any veteran who had been on active duty for at least 90 days during the war and wasn’t dishonorably discharged was eligible – they didn’t need to have seen combat. They also didn’t have to pay income tax on their benefits.
By 1947, nearly half of all college admissions were veterans and by 1956, some 7.8 million veterans used their GI Bill to go to school. Veterans purchased mass-produced houses in the suburbs with low-interest government loans. Now living in new homes outside the city, they commuted in their new cars on new roads. Many supermarkets, restaurants, and retail stores also relocated. These post-World War II families were the first American middle class.
U.S. #1305
6¢ Franklin Roosevelt
Prominent Americans Series Coil
6¢ Franklin Roosevelt
Prominent Americans Series Coil
Issue Date: February 28, 1968
City: Washington, DC
Printed By: Bureau of Engraving and Printing
Printing Method: Rotary Press
Perforation: 10 vertically
Color: Gray brown
City: Washington, DC
Printed By: Bureau of Engraving and Printing
Printing Method: Rotary Press
Perforation: 10 vertically
Color: Gray brown
Prominent Americans Series
The Prominent Americans Series recognizes people who played important roles in U.S. history. Officials originally planned to honor 18 individuals, but later added seven others. The Prominent Americans Series began with the 4¢ Lincoln stamp, which was issued on November 10, 1965. During the course of the series, the 6¢ Eisenhower stamp was reissued with an 8¢ denomination and the 5¢ Washington was redrawn.
A number of technological changes developed during the course of producing the series, resulting in a number of varieties due to gum, luminescence, precancels and perforations plus sheet, coil and booklet formats. Additionally, seven rate changes occurred while the Prominent Americans Series was current, giving collectors who specialize in first and last day of issue covers an abundance of collecting opportunities.
The 6¢ denomination features Franklin D. Roosevelt as its subject. Elected president four times, Roosevelt (1882-1945) served in the nation’s highest office longer than any other chief executive – 12 years. He was born on January 30, 1882, in Hyde Park, the only child in a wealthy family. Roosevelt studied at Columbia Law School. In 1910, he was elected to the New York state senate.
He was appointed assistant secretary of the navy in 1913. Roosevelt was stricken with polio in 1921. Although permanently disabled, he remained active in politics. In 1928, Roosevelt was elected governor of New York – he was re-elected in 1930. As the Great Depression ravaged America in 1932, he was elected president over President Herbert Hoover.
President Roosevelt quickly began to use the power of the federal government to repair the nation’s failed economy. He introduced a sweeping economic program that provided relief, loans, and jobs, as well as other means of stimulating the economy, under the heading of the “New Deal.” Roosevelt was overwhelmingly re-elected in 1936, as the public rallied behind his innovative policies.
The President was determined to keep America out of the European conflict, but when World War II began, he provided aid to Great Britain. In 1940, he was elected to an unprecedented third term. With the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, the U.S. entered WW II. Roosevelt declared December 7 “A date which will live in infamy.” Roosevelt’s diplomatic finesse was key in forging an alliance with Great Britain and the U.S.S.R.
In 1944, despite failing health, Roosevelt was elected to a fourth term. At that time, Allied forces were closing in on Germany and Japan – victory was close. However, Roosevelt did not live to see the war to its conclusion. He died on April 12, 1945 – just 83 days after his third re-election.
GI Bill
On June 22, 1944, President Franklin Roosevelt signed the Servicemen’s Readjustment Act, also known as the GI Bill, into law.
When World War I veterans returned home, many had trouble finding jobs. Thousands of them flooded the labor market and most struggled to make a living, even with the government programs available.
To help alleviate the situation, Congress passed the Bonus Act of 1924, which offered veterans a bonus based on the number of days they had served in the military. However, the bonus wouldn’t be paid until 1945 – another 20 years – which would be little help to veterans at that time.
The Great Depression made the situation worse and by 1932, the out of work veterans were frustrated. On July 28, 1932, a group of 43,000 veterans and their families marched in Washington, DC, demanding they receive their bonus payments immediately. They called themselves the Bonus Expeditionary Force and the media called them the Bonus Army.
President Herbert Hoover ordered the veterans removed from government property and Chief of Staff Douglas MacArthur commanded infantry and tanks to force their removal. The following March, they held another Bonus March. This time, President Roosevelt offered them jobs with the Civilian Conservation Corp, which many of them took. And in 1936, Congress voted to award the veterans their bonus nine years early.
Needless to say, the situation wasn’t ideal, and as America entered World War II just a few years later, many looked for a better way to support our veterans when they returned home. Roosevelt was among those searching for an answer, as he wanted to expand the middle class and avoid the issues that followed the last war.
A major figure in the resulting GI Bill was American Legion National Commander Harry W. Colmery. He suggested offering benefits to all World War I veterans, male and female. Members of the American Legion and the Veterans of Foreign Wars, as well as other veteran’s organizations, mobilized to encourage Congress to pass the bill. Ernest McFarland and Warren Atherton are considered the fathers of the GI Bill while Edith Nourse Rogers helped write and co-sponsor it and is considered the mother of the bill.
Initially, President Roosevelt suggested the bill offer one year of funding to poor veterans and four years of college to those that earned high marks on a written text. However, the final bill offered full benefits to all veterans, regardless of their wealth. The bill was introduced in January and signed into law on June 22, 1944.
The GI Bill included paid tuition and living expenses for veterans to attend high school, college, or vocational schools. It also offered low-cost mortgages and low-interest loans to start businesses plus one year of unemployment compensation. Any veteran who had been on active duty for at least 90 days during the war and wasn’t dishonorably discharged was eligible – they didn’t need to have seen combat. They also didn’t have to pay income tax on their benefits.
By 1947, nearly half of all college admissions were veterans and by 1956, some 7.8 million veterans used their GI Bill to go to school. Veterans purchased mass-produced houses in the suburbs with low-interest government loans. Now living in new homes outside the city, they commuted in their new cars on new roads. Many supermarkets, restaurants, and retail stores also relocated. These post-World War II families were the first American middle class.